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Occhiali
Occhiali (also ''Uluj Ali'', (トルコ語:Uluç Ali) ''Reis'', later ''Uluç Ali Paşa'' and finally ''Kılıç Ali Paşa''; 1519 - 21 June 1587), a convert to Islam, was a corsair (privateer) who later became an Ottoman admiral (''Reis''), Bey of the Regency of Algiers, and finally Grand Admiral (Kapudan Pasha) of the Ottoman Fleet in the 16th century.
Born ''Giovanni Dionigi Galeni'', he was also known by several other names in the Christian countries of the Mediterranean and in the literature also appears under various names. Miguel de Cervantes called him ''Uchali'' in chapter XXXIX of his ''Don Quixote de la Mancha''. Elsewhere he was simply called ''Ali Pasha''. John Wolf, in his ''The Barbary Coast'', refers to him as ''Euldj Ali''.
== Early life ==
Uluj Ali was born to the seaman Birno Galeni and his wife Pippa de Cicco, in the village of Le Castella (near modern Isola Capo Rizzuto) in Calabria, southern Italy.〔(Corsari nel Mediterraneo: Uluç Ali Reis (Occhiali, Uluj Ali) )〕 His father wanted him to receive a religious education, but on 29 April 1536, Giovanni was captured by Ali Ahmed, one of the corsair captains of Barbarossa Hayreddin Pasha, and was forced to serve as a galley slave.〔 As an oar slave in an Ottoman galley, he participated in the Battle of Preveza in 1538.〔 Within a few years, he converted to Islam and became a corsair in the fleet of Turgut Reis by 1541.〔 This was by no means unusual; many Muslim corsairs (privateers) were captured slaves who later converted to Islam.〔
He was a very able mariner and soon rose in the ranks, gaining sufficient prize booty to buy a share in a corsair brigantine sailing out of Algiers.〔 Further success soon enabled him to become the captain and owner of a galley, and he gained a reputation as one of the boldest corsair reis on the Barbary Coast.〔 Uluj Ali was in the fleet of Turgut Reis, one of the most famous corsairs in the Mediterranean, as well as an Ottoman admiral and Bey of Tripoli.〔 Sailing with Turgut Reis, he also impressed the Ottoman admiral Piyale Pasha, with whom Turgut joined forces on a number of occasions.〔 Due to his success in battles, the administration of the island of Samos in the Aegean Sea was awarded to him in 1550.〔 In 1560, he was among the forces of Turgut Reis and Piyale Pasha during the Battle of Djerba.〔(Bizimsahife.com: Battle of Djerba (1560) )〕 In 1565 he was promoted to the rank of Beylerbey (Chief Governor) of Alexandria.〔 The same year he joined the Siege of Malta with the Ottoman Egyptian fleet, and when Turgut Reis was killed during the siege, Piyale Pasha appointed Uluj Ali to become Turgut's successor as Bey of Tripoli.〔 Uluj took Turgut's body to Tripoli for burial, assumed control of the province, and was subsequently confirmed as Pasha of Tripoli by Sultan Suleiman I.〔 In the following years he conducted numerous raids on the coasts of Sicily, Calabria and Naples.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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